Editor: Monika Petraite
Editorial
The papers in this issue of EJKM have been selected from those presented at the 14thEuropean Conference on Knowledge Management ‑ ECKM 2013 hosted by the Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania on the 5‑6 September 2013
This issue was guest edited by the Dr. Monika Petraite from the Faculty of Social Sciences, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania, from The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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Ettore Bolisani, Enrico Scarso
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Abstract
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Keywords: Keywords: knowledge marketing, marketing audit, knowledge-intensive business services, ICT companies, knowledge exchanges, practical tool
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Juan-Gabriel Cegarra-Navarro et al
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Abstract
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Cross‑cultural Validation of UTAUT: The Case of University VLEs in Jordan, Russia and the UK
pp25‑34
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Abstract
Abstract: Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) are learning platforms within universities aiming to facilitate and enhance students’ learning. In order to increase the chances for success of VLEs implementation it is essential to identify the factors which influence the students’ decision making as far as accepting and using VLEs are concerned. In this paper we are applying one of the most popular models, the so‑called Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model developed by Venkatesh et al. (2003) to identify and test the underlying factors influencing VLE acceptance and use. UTAUT is a relatively new model sparsely applied in cross‑cultural settings and in the context of Higher Education (Straub, 2009). We are testing the model in four business schools in universities in three different countries: the UK, Russia and Jordan. The results show that although all items from the original UTAUT questionnaire have their place in the final groupings obtained through the factor analysis, the ‘clean’ agglomeration of items into groups shown by the original paper and a few others could not be replicated in the individual countries or in the overall sample despite the good sample size obtained in our study. The paper raises a question about the replicability of the original results and calls for reconsideration of the way the model is applied.
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Marta Christina Suciu, Cristina Andreea Florea
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Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of innovation in businesses. It tries to illustrate the way companies could invest in lifelong learning focusing on the entrepreneurship education in order to support creativity and innovation as prerequisite for a short‑run increase in their profits and mostly for a long‑run sustainable competitive advantage. In the first part of the paper, we will focus on companies. In some companies the manager is thinking how creativity could help. One person may generate 10 ideas; conversely, 5 persons may generate 50 ideas. From those 50 ideas the manager can use at least 3 of them to increase the profit. This is how intellectual capital and creativity should be enhanced. Furthermore, it will influence the consumers buying renewed products in a more profitable way. The second part of the paper, we will highlight the importance of taking into account some best practices cases. Nowadays, with Internet banking, Euro Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) and credit cards, the final user has been granted options for the monetary transactions. People like consumers want their needs to be satisfied and this is one of the reasons why they have grown accustomed to demanding more and more from their banking services providers. In the last part of the paper, we will discuss about the creativity models and ways in which these models might influence the workers and the leaders to come up with new ideas, be creative and generate larger profit. From a methodological point of view we applied both the quantitative method (surveys) and the qualitative one (in terms of focus‑groups & interviews).
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Daniel Jimenéz-Jimenéz, Micaela Martínez-Costa, Raquel Sanz-Valle
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Abstract: Today, innovation is considered one of the main source of competitive advantage for the companies. For multinationals companies (MCNs) innovation is particularly important because they have more challenges to face than domestic organizations. MNCs have also a potential advantage for developing innovations, as they have access to new ideas and knowledge generating in the different locations they operate in. But this potential advantage can only become real if MNCs are able to transfer the knowledge they acquire in one of their locations to the others. This paper analyses the relationship between knowledge transfer and innovation in MNCs. In particular, this research focuses on knowledge transfer from the subsidiaries to the headquarters (reverse knowledge transfer). In addition, this paper studies the effect of the firm´s learning orientation as a mediator in the relation between reverse knowledge transfer and innovation. These relationships are tested using a sample of 104 Spanish MNCs. Our findings show that reverse knowledge influences indirectly on the headquarters’ innovation through its effect on the firm’s learning orientation. These findings have implications for both academics and practitioners.
Keywords: Innovation, Knowledge Management, Reverse knowledge transfer, Learning orientation, Multinationals Companies, MNCs
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Taking a Different View: The Case of the Eurozone Macroeconomic Policies as a Case of Incompetence
pp56‑66
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Abstract
Abstract: This paper aims at shedding a new and different light over a very big problem that actually is being felt by the European Society and by the world at large: namely the difficulties the EU is having, since adopting the EURO as a currency in 2002, with its own management of macroeconomic policies, and with its own forecasts over growth. We follow Sveiby (2012) analysis as a methodology. According to that author, radical innovation generates incompetence due to inability in adjusting to the environment. The incompetence materializes itself in wrong predictions by otherwise and formerly competent and acknowledged experts. Sveiby 2012, dissects the case of the financial crisis of 2007‑8, as a case in which radical innovation in the financial markets produced massive managerial incompetence with huge economic and social consequences. By the same token we assume that the Eurozone became a case of incompetence at the level of macroeconomic management. We show evidence of that incompetence because we compare the predictions before the Euro and with the Euro and analyze the impact the Euro entrance add in the correctness of the experts’ predictions. Furthermore we say that experts should take into account that macroeconomic restrictions posed by the Eurozone regulations deeply affect the economy of the more divergent Eurozone Member States. Moreover, the effect of the regulations has not been rightly accounted. The miscalculation generates mistakes in prediction of policy impacts. Those mistakes have major negative effects in the life of ordinary citizens. Therefore we believe that if ones assumes, as we do, and prove, that the Eurozone has currently a problem of managerial incompetence, the finding might have huge economic, social, and political effects The paper is original because we sincerely don’t know (and believe it is not our fault) of any study that analyzes the problem of the current Macroeconomic crisis in the EU as a problem of incompetence. Finally we believe the study could and should developed in a multidisciplinary and multi‑country book.
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Abstract: This paper elucidates the spectra of influences that impact the intra‑organisational tacit and explicit knowledge sharing behaviour of the middle line, a boundary spanning layer highly capable to influence, inform and transform. The approach addresses a deficiency in research that affords an eclectic perspective across both knowledge types simultaneously and at an individual level of analysis. Advancing Ipe’s (2003) conceptual work, the Multidimensional Model of Individual Knowledge Sharing Influences integrates robust and multi‑disciplinary theoretical exposition with empirical validation in four leading UK Communication Sector operators. The model encapsulates the direct influence factors of Motivation to Share, Nature of Knowledge, Opportunity to Share, Culture and the Nature of the Individual. Organisational Velocity provides an original conceptualisation of the continual, episodic and ambiguous change that reflects reality in many post‑industrial settings and is expressed as the tension between centrifugal and centripetal forces acting on the other factors. All six dimensions are shown to impact individual knowledge sharing practice, with underexplored constructs such as personality traits and aspects of demography emerging as significant. Organisational Velocity can operate in a moderating and primarily centrifugal capacity on Motivation to Share, Opportunities to Share and the Nature of the Individual. The study demonstrates that a panoptic, pluralistic and interdisciplinary perspective combining human, social, technological and contextual factors must be considered to understand sharing behaviour and optimise knowledge management interventions. A particular element may not be evaluated in isolation. Further, when factor dynamics are sub‑optimum, the middle line may pragmatically orientate towards personal knowledge management mechanisms. Evidence of hoarding, hiding or disengagement from sharing is identified with some managers electing to utilise their knowledge in possession and network positional opportunity to generate rent in alignment with individual and affiliated group interests, negating its aggregation for wider organisational benefit. Implications for research and practice are fully explored.
Keywords: Keywords: knowledge sharing, middle management, individual knowledge sharing influences model, organisational velocity, personal knowledge management, knowledge hoarding, hiding and disengagement
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